Types of anchoring devices according to UNI 11578 or UNI EN 795

These devices are elements to be fixed and designed for exclusive use with PPE against falls from height. UNI 11578 covers permanent anchors and describes three types:

The UNI EN 795 standard concerns non-permanent devices and describes five types, but for those intended for non-permanent installation:

Types of anchoring points according to UNI EN 516 or UNI EN 517

UNI EN 516 covers installations for safe roof access, such as walkways, walking surfaces, and footstep ladders. The classification of installations allows identifying:

Class 1: installations that must not be used as anchorage points for PPE against falls from height
Class 2: installations that can be used as anchorage points for PPE against falls from height

UNI EN 517 applies to safety hooks for pitched roofs, with permanent fixing to the roof’s supporting structure. These hooks must have a closed ring at their base to potentially be used simultaneously as anchorage points for PPE against falls from height. Hooks must be classified as:

• Type A: designed to withstand tensile forces in the direction of the roof slope (Y-axis)
• Type B: designed to withstand tensile forces in the direction of the roof slope (Y-axis) and perpendicular and parallel to the roof surface

Types of scaffolding anchors and ministerial circulars 85/78, 44/90, 132/91

Scaffolding anchors must be made according to the schemes and drawings included in the ministerial authorization for the construction and use of fixed scaffolding (“manual”) accompanying each scaffold. These schemes and drawings are prepared as required by ministerial circulars 85/78, 44/90, and 132/91, which provide instructions for preparing the technical reports to be attached to the authorization request. The circulars do not contain any classification of scaffolding anchors but provide indications on their sizing and representation. Fixed scaffolding anchors can be identified as:

• Normal anchors, i.e., ring, tie with hook/square element and mechanical or chemical anchor
• Special anchors, connecting both the internal and external scaffold upright to the supporting structure
• V-shaped special anchors, connecting the internal scaffold upright to the supporting structure

Types of metal/chemical anchors for use on concrete according to ETAG 001

These are guidelines for the approval of metal anchors used in concrete, classified by type and operation.

Type:

• Torque-controlled expansion anchors (ETAG 001-2)
• Undercut anchors (ETAG 001-3)
• Displacement-controlled expansion anchors (ETAG 001-4)
• Chemical anchors (TR 029)
• Light anchors for non-structural use (ETAG 001-6)

Operation:

• Form-fit anchors
• Friction anchors
• Adhesive anchors

Anchors not included in the previous types

All these products are subject to Legislative Decree no. 206 of 6 September 2005

Source: INAIL