Types of anchorage devices

Work at height exposes operators to a high risk of falling from height. For this reason, the design and installation of anchorage devices must be carried out in compliance with the relevant technical standards, selecting solutions appropriate to the operational context and frequency of use.

Within the European and Italian regulatory framework, anchorage devices are mainly governed by three standards:

UNI EN 795:2012
CEN/TS 16415:2013
UNI 11578:2015

Correctly understanding the scope of application and the differences between these standards is essential to ensure safety, compliance, and durability of the fall protection system.

What are anchorage devices

Anchorage devices are components or systems designed to allow the connection of personal fall protection equipment (harnesses, lanyards, self-retracting devices) to a supporting structure, in order to prevent or arrest a fall.

An anchorage device includes:

the supporting structure
the fixing element
the anchorage point or system for connection to PPE

Anchorage devices must be compatible with personal fall protection systems compliant with UNI EN 363.

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EN 795:2012 – Removable anchorage devices

UNI EN 795:2012 specifies the performance requirements and test methods for single-user anchorage devices, explicitly stating within its scope that such devices are:

intended to be removed from the structure

These are therefore temporary or portable anchorage devices, mainly used on construction sites or for non-recurring interventions.

The standard also defines:

marking requirements
instructions for use
an installation guide

Types of EN 795 anchorage devices

The following fall under UNI EN 795:2012:

Type B devices (temporary single-point anchorages)
Type E devices (deadweight anchor devices)

CEN/TS 16415:2013 – Multi-user use of anchorage devices

CEN/TS 16415:2013 is a European Technical Specification that supplements EN 795 by introducing additional criteria for anchorage devices intended for simultaneous use by two or more operators.

This specification:

defines more severe test methods
introduces additional requirements for dynamic loads
is particularly relevant for lifeline systems and multi-user anchorage systems

UNI 11578:2015 – Permanent anchorage devices

UNI 11578:2015 regulates anchorage devices intended for permanent installation on buildings and structures.

It applies to systems designed to:

remain permanently installed
be used repeatedly over time
ensure safety during routine and extraordinary maintenance activities

The standard defines specific criteria for:

system design
installation
technical documentation
periodic inspection and maintenance

Classification of anchorage devices

Type A anchorage devices – Permanent single anchor points

(UNI 11578 – UNI EN 795 for performance aspects)

These are fixed single anchor points, permanently installed on the structure.

They are used as:

access points
work positioning or rest points
integration with lifeline systems

When permanently installed, they fully fall under UNI 11578.

Type B anchorage devices – Temporary single anchor points

(UNI EN 795)

These are mobile or removable anchorage devices, intended for temporary use.

Main characteristics:

non-permanent installation
dismantling at the end of the work

Type C anchorage devices – Flexible anchor lines

(UNI 11578 – UNI EN 795 – CEN/TS 16415)

Flexible lifeline systems are permanent systems consisting of steel cables anchored to multiple structural points.

They allow the operator to move continuously and safely.

Type D anchorage devices – Rigid anchor lines

(UNI 11578 – UNI EN 795 – CEN/TS 16415)

These are rigid systems, generally rail-based, offering:

reduced deformation
greater control of the fall arrest distance
precise guided movement

They are widely used in industrial environments and for the maintenance of complex installations.

Type E anchorage devices – Deadweight anchor devices